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Scalp condition improvement with botanical extracts possessing chemical and physical antioxidant activity.

1. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2025 Apr;47(2):297-304. doi: 10.1111/ics.13031. Epub 2024 Nov 11. Scalp condition improvement with botanical extracts possessing chemical and physical antioxidant activity. Marsh JM(1), Li L(1), Knowles S(1), Locker KCS(1), Pearson K(1), Bacon R(1), Kozak K(1), Laughlin T(1

Comparative study of rosemary extract, TBHQ, citric acid and their composite antioxidants on the overall quality of peanuts and evaluation of their synergistic antioxidant properties and interaction.

2. Food Res Int. 2025 Aug;214:116623. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116623. Epub 2025 May 16. Comparative study of rosemary extract, TBHQ, citric acid and their composite antioxidants on the overall quality of peanuts and evaluation of their synergistic antioxidant properties and interaction. Ma

Effects and synergy of feed ingredients on canine neoplastic cell proliferation.

3. BMC Vet Res. 2016 Aug 2;12(1):159. doi: 10.1186/s12917-016-0774-9. Effects and synergy of feed ingredients on canine neoplastic cell proliferation. Levine CB(1), Bayle J(2), Biourge V(2), Wakshlag JJ(3). Author information: (1)Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Vete

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract as a Potential Complementary Agent in Anticancer Therapy.

4. Nutr Cancer. 2015;67(8):1221-9. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1082110. Epub 2015 Oct 9. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract as a Potential Complementary Agent in Anticancer Therapy. González-Vallinas M(1), Reglero G(2), Ramírez de Molina A(1). Author information: (1)a Unit of Molecular

Antitumor effect of 5-fluorouracil is enhanced by rosemary extract in both drug sensitive and resistant colon cancer cells.

5. Pharmacol Res. 2013 Jun;72:61-8. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2013.03.010. Epub 2013 Apr 1. Antitumor effect of 5-fluorouracil is enhanced by rosemary extract in both drug sensitive and resistant colon cancer cells. González-Vallinas M(1), Molina S, Vicente G, de la Cueva A, Vargas T, Santoyo S, Garc

Synergistic antimicrobial activity of galangal (Alpinia galanga), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and lemon iron bark (Eucalyptus staigerana) extracts.

6. J Sci Food Agric. 2011 Feb;91(3):461-8. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4206. Epub 2010 Oct 28. Synergistic antimicrobial activity of galangal (Alpinia galanga), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and lemon iron bark (Eucalyptus staigerana) extracts. Weerakkody NS(1), Caffin N, Lambert LK, Turner MS, Dykes

Synergistic antileukemic activity of carnosic acid-rich rosemary extract and the 19-nor Gemini vitamin D analogue in a mouse model of systemic acute myeloid leukemia.

7. Oncology. 2008;75(3-4):203-14. doi: 10.1159/000163849. Epub 2008 Oct 14. Synergistic antileukemic activity of carnosic acid-rich rosemary extract and the 19-nor Gemini vitamin D analogue in a mouse model of systemic acute myeloid leukemia. Shabtay A(1), Sharabani H, Barvish Z, Kafka M, Amicha

Cooperative antitumor effects of vitamin D3 derivatives and rosemary preparations in a mouse model of myeloid leukemia.

8. Int J Cancer. 2006 Jun 15;118(12):3012-21. doi: 10.1002/ijc.21736. Cooperative antitumor effects of vitamin D3 derivatives and rosemary preparations in a mouse model of myeloid leukemia. Sharabani H(1), Izumchenko E, Wang Q, Kreinin R, Steiner M, Barvish Z, Kafka M, Sharoni Y, Levy J, Uskokov

Antimicrobial effect of rosemary extracts.

9. J Food Prot. 2000 Oct;63(10):1359-68. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-63.10.1359. Antimicrobial effect of rosemary extracts. Del Campo J(1), Amiot MJ, Nguyen-The C. Author information: (1)Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Station de Technologie des Produits Végétaux, Domaine Saint-Paul, A

[Results of treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis in 440 women of working age in a large industrial city].

1. Urologiia. 2025 May;(2):35-43. [Results of treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis in 440 women of working age in a large industrial city]. [Article in Russian] Zaitsev A V(1)(2), Davidov M I(1)(2). Author information: (1)FGBOU VO Russian University of Medicine of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia. (2)FGBOU VO E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russia. INTRODUCTION: Lower urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect nearly two-thirds of all women during their lifetime, and many suffer from recurrent infections. There are evidence-based guidelines from several international societies and RSU for the evaluation and treatment of UTIs; however, adherence to these guidelines is not always optimal. AIM: To study the immediate outcomes of treating acute uncomplicated cystitis in working-age women living in a large industrial city under unfavorable environmental and climatic conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicenter, randomized, open-label study was carried out in 4 outpatient clinics in Perm involving 440 women with acute uncomplicated cystitis. Depending on the treatment, the patients were divided into 4 groups. The main drug was the antibiotic fosfomycin trometamol, which was given at a single dose of 3 g to all 440 patients. In the group 1, monotherapy with fosfomycin trometamol was used. Patients in groups 2-4 received basic antibacterial therapy (3 g of fosfomycin trometamol), supplemented with symptomatic and herbal remedies. In the group 2, drotaverine was used at 80 mg 3 times a day for 2 days, in the group 3 phenazopyridine at a dose of 200 mg 3 times a day for 2 days was given, while in the group 4, Canephron N at 2 tablets 3 times a day for 6 days was administered. The symptoms of cystitis were assessed using the ACSS scale, visual analog scale (VAS) of pain, urinalysis with microscopic examination of urinary sediment, bacteriological examination of urine and other methods. The results were assessed after 6, 12, 24, 48 hours, 3 and 6 days. RESULTS: The sensitivity of microorganisms to fosfomycin in bacteriological studies was 97.2%. In group 1, recovery was achieved in 92.5%, improvement in 6.6%, and the bacteriological cure was 95.3%; however, the ACSS and VAS scales indicated insufficiently rapid elimination of pain and other symptoms. In the group 2, improvement in results was insignificant. However, results were significantly better in groups 3 and 4, with rapid resolution of pain, dysuria, and other symptoms. In group 3, recovery was achieved in 97.3%, bacteriological cure and disability period were 96.8% and 5.1+/-0.5 days, respectively. In group 4, recovery was observed in 96.4%, bacteriological cure was 96.6%, and disability period was 5.2+/-0.4 days, respectively. In total, for 440 patients, when using fosfomycin trometamol, recovery occurred in 95.2%, improvement in 4.6%, bacteriological cure was 96.4%, side effects of fosfomycin trometamol were noted only in 1.1% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Currently, even in unfavorable environmental and climatic conditions, fosfomycin trometamol remains a highly effective and safe antibacterial agent for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis. It is recommended to combine the use of fosfomycin trometamol with a urinary analgetic drug and herbal preparation based on extracts of centaury, lovage and rosemary (Kanefron N). PMID: 40377579 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Skin Photoprotection and Anti-Aging Benefits of a Combination of Rosemary and Grapefruit Extracts: Evidence from In Vitro Models and Human Study.

2. Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 23;26(9):4001. doi: 10.3390/ijms26094001. Skin Photoprotection and Anti-Aging Benefits of a Combination of Rosemary and Grapefruit Extracts: Evidence from In Vitro Models and Human Study. Navarro P(1), Castillo J(2), Jones J(1), García A(1), Caturla N(1). Author information: (1)Research and Development Department, Monteloeder SL, Miguel Servet 16, 03203 Elche, Spain. (2)Food Technology & Nutritional Department, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos, Carretera Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain. Skin exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) causes oxidative stress, inflammation, and collagen degradation and can trigger erythema. While topical formulas protect the skin from UV damage, there is growing evidence that certain botanical ingredients taken orally may have an added benefit. This study evaluated the photoprotective, anti-photoaging, and anti-erythema efficacy of a combination of rosemary and grapefruit extract (Nutroxsun®). Radical oxygen species (ROS) generation and interleukin production were determined in UV-irradiated keratinocytes (HaCaT). Also, collagen and elastin secretion and metalloproteinase (MMP-1 and MMP-3) content were assessed in UV-irradiated fibroblasts (NHDFs). Furthermore, a placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover study was conducted in 20 subjects (phototypes I to III) receiving two doses, 100 and 200 mg, of the ingredient. Skin redness (a* value, CIELab) after exposure to one minimal erythemal dose of UVR was assessed. As a result, the botanical blend significantly attenuated the UVR-induced reductions of procollagen I and elastin and lowered MMP-1 and MMP-3 protein secretion. Also, a reduction in ROS and proinflammatory interleukins (IL-1, IL-8, and IL-6) was observed. Finally, the botanical blend, at both doses, significantly reduced UV-induced erythema reaction from the first day of intake and accelerated recovery. These findings reinforce the potential of this ingredient as an effective dietary solution to protect the skin against UV-induced damage. DOI: 10.3390/ijms26094001 PMCID: PMC12071866 PMID: 40362239 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: N.C., J.J., A.G. and P.N. belong to the Research and Development Department at Monteloeder S.L. This does not alter the author’s adherence to all the journal policies on sharing data and materials.

Aesthetic Radiofrequency Associated with Rosmarinus officinalis Supplementation is Safe and Reduces Oxidative Stress in Women: Randomized, and Double-Blind Clinical Trial.

3. J Evid Based Integr Med. 2024 Jan-Dec;29:2515690X241246293. doi: 10.1177/2515690X241246293. Aesthetic Radiofrequency Associated with Rosmarinus officinalis Supplementation is Safe and Reduces Oxidative Stress in Women: Randomized, and Double-Blind Clinical Trial. Tremêa GTF(1), Kleibert KRU(1), Krause LS(1), Fell APW(1), Scapini AR(1), Marschall KW(1), Baiotto CS(1), da Silva MHT(1), da Silva JAG(1), Colet CF(1). Author information: (1)Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul - UNIJUÍ, Ijui, Brazil. The objective were to evaluate the effects of supplementation of standardized dry extract of Rosmarinus officinalis (RO) and the application of aesthetic radiofrequency on the oxidative stress markers catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), non-protein thiols (NP-SH), and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and the biochemical markers triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (TGO/AST), pyruvic-glutamic transaminase (TGP/ALT), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT), and creatinine. This study included 32 women received the aesthetic therapy to reduce localized fat. They were divided into the control group (n = 8) receiving placebo capsules and the intervention group (n = 24) subdivided into Group A, B, and C, each with eight members receiving supplementation with 100, 500, and 1000 mg/day of standardized dry extract of RO, respectively. The Universal Trial Number (UTN) - U1111-1274-6255. Supplementation with RO (500 mg/day) demonstrated a reduction in oxidative stress (quantified with through a significant increase in NP-SH and a reduction in SOD and CAT enzymes). The radiofrequency aesthetic treatment did not promote an increase in oxidative stress; however, it caused significant changes in total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and creatinine. RO is a plant with antioxidant effects and its oral consumption is safe in selected women subjects in hepatic and renal markers. DOI: 10.1177/2515690X241246293 PMCID: PMC11320689 PMID: 39135397 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Dietary supplementation with plant extracts for amelioration of persistent myofascial discomfort in the cervical and back regions: a randomized double-blind controlled study.

4. Front Nutr. 2024 Jun 3;11:1403108. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1403108. eCollection 2024. Dietary supplementation with plant extracts for amelioration of persistent myofascial discomfort in the cervical and back regions: a randomized double-blind controlled study. Pérez-Piñero S(1), Muñoz-Carrillo JC(1), Echepare-Taberna J(1), Luque-Rubia AJ(1), Millán Rivero JE(1), Muñoz-Cámara M(1), Díaz Silvente MJ(2), Valero Merlos E(3), Ávila-Gandía V(1), Caturla N(4), Navarro P(4), Cabrera M(4), López-Román FJ(1)(5). Author information: (1)Faculty of Medicine, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia, Spain. (2)Health Sciences PhD Program, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia, Spain. (3)Faculty of Nursing, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia, Spain. (4)Monteloeder S.L., Elche, Spain. (5)Primary Care Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain. BACKGROUND: Back pain is a common health problem that affects both workers and older people, reducing their quality of life. The primary objective was to assess the effect of dietary supplementation with plant extracts of rosemary, ashwagandha, and sesame consumed for 12 weeks on the intensity of back pain. METHODS: A single-center randomized double-blind study with three parallel arms depending on the product consumed. The duration of treatment was 12 weeks. The investigational product, Berelief®, contained a blend of three polyphenolic standardized extracts: rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L.), and sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed. Two doses were tested: low dose (400 mg) and high dose (800 mg). There were 42 subjects in the placebo group, 39 in the low dose and 42 in the high dose groups. Study variables included back pain intensity [VAS score, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS-29), and Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire; functionality Roland-Morris Disability (RMD) questionnaire]; quality of life (QoL) [36-item Short Form Survey (SF-36), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)]; sleep quality [accelerometer and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)]. RESULTS: The improvement in back pain recorded by the visual analogue scale (VAS) at the study visits after the beginning of treatment, as well as on a weekly basis recorded in the diary card was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the placebo group (p < 0.044 dose-low; p < 0.005 dose-high). Significant differences in pain intensity of the PROMIS-29 (p = 0.002) and upper back pain in the Cornell questionnaire (p = 0.011) in favour of the investigational product were found. Furthermore, benefits in improving health-related quality of life, mood and sleep quality were also detected. CONCLUSION: Dietary supplementation for 12 weeks of a blend of polyphenolic standardized extracts of rosemary, ashwagandha, and sesame was effective in reducing the intensity of pain in subjects with chronic myofascial cervical and back pain. Copyright © 2024 Pérez-Piñero, Muñoz-Carrillo, Echepare-Taberna, Luque-Rubia, Millán Rivero, Muñoz-Cámara, Díaz Silvente, Valero Merlos, Ávila-Gandía, Caturla, Navarro, Cabrera and López-Román. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1403108 PMCID: PMC11182357 PMID: 38887495 Conflict of interest statement: NC, PN, MC, and FJL-R were employed by the Monteloeder S.L. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Chronic supplementation of a multi-ingredient herbal supplement increases speed of cognitive task performance alongside changes in the urinary metabolism of dopamine and the gut microbiome in cognitively intact older adults experiencing subjective memory decline: a randomized, placebo controlled, parallel groups investigation.

5. Front Nutr. 2023 Oct 10;10:1257516. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1257516. eCollection 2023. Chronic supplementation of a multi-ingredient herbal supplement increases speed of cognitive task performance alongside changes in the urinary metabolism of dopamine and the gut microbiome in cognitively intact older adults experiencing subjective memory decline: a randomized, placebo controlled, parallel groups investigation. Wightman E(1)(2), Khan J(1), Smith E(1), Rolfe V(3), Smith D(1)(2)(4), Young G(1)(2)(4), Cheung W(1), Kennedy D(1)(2). Author information: (1)Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. (2)Nutrition Trials at Northumbria (NUTRAN), Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. (3)Pukka Herbs Ltd.,, The Chocolate Factory, Keynsham, Bristol, United Kingdom. (4)NU-OMICS, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. BACKGROUND: The effects of herbs on brain function are often investigated in isolation, yet herbal preparations are often complex combinations of phytochemicals, designed to target widespread mechanisms. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of chronic, 12 weeks, supplementation of a multi-ingredient herbal supplement (containing Bacopa monnieri, Gotu kola leaf, Turmeric whole powder, Reishi full spectrum, Rosemary, Cardamom, Holy Basil, Turmeric Wholistic™ extract, Green Tea & Seagreens) on cognitive function in older adults with subjective memory decline. Secondly, to investigate whether effects are underpinned by shifts in microbial composition and/or metabolism of the herbs. METHODS: Male and female participants (N = 128) aged between 55-75 years completed lab-based cognitive assessments, and provided stool and urine samples, at baseline and then following 90 days of multi-ingredient herb, or placebo, supplementation. RESULTS: Deficits in memory were observed in response to 90 days of multi-ingredient herbal supplement supplementation but the positive effects were all focused on speed of cognitive task performance, with an additional improvement in the false alarm rate on the rapid visual information processing task. These improvements coincided with an increased presence of tyrosine in the urinary metabolome and this may implicate the role of dopamine in these processing and/or motor speed increases. Finally, multi-ingredient herbal supplementation significantly reduced levels of 3 bacterial species in the gut microbiome and one of these, Sutterella, coincides with lower levels of constipation reported in the multi-ingredient herbal supplement condition. CONCLUSION: A multi-ingredient herbal supplement increases speed of cognitive task performance and increased metabolism of tyrosine suggests that this is modulated by increased dopaminergic activity. Reduced levels of Sutterella in the gut is associated with improved bowel movements of participants. Interpretation of the negative effects on memory are, however, stymied by an unequal randomization of participants into treatment groups pre- and post-COVID 19.Clinical trial registration: identifier NCT05504668. Copyright © 2023 Wightman, Khan, Smith, Rolfe, Smith, Young, Cheung and Kennedy. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1257516 PMCID: PMC10598389 PMID: 37885445 Conflict of interest statement: Author VR was employed by the company Pukka Herbs Ltd. The authors declare that this study received funding from Pukka Herbs Ltd. The funder had the following involvement in the study: preparation of the manuscript. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

A standardized nutraceutical supplement contributes to pain relief, improves quality of life and regulates inflammation in knee osteoarthritis patients; A randomized clinical trial.

6. Heliyon. 2023 Sep 14;9(9):e20143. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20143. eCollection 2023 Sep. A standardized nutraceutical supplement contributes to pain relief, improves quality of life and regulates inflammation in knee osteoarthritis patients; A randomized clinical trial. Valsamidou E(1)(2), Amerikanou C(1), Tzavara C(1), Skarpas G(3), Mariolis-Sapsakos TD(4), Zoumpoulakis P(5)(6), Kaliora AC(1). Author information: (1)Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El Venizelou Ave. 17677, Athens, Greece. (2)Qualia Pharma, 2 Kalavriton, 14564, Kifissia, Athens, Greece. (3)Evgenidio Clinic Agia Trias, 20 Papadiamantopoulou Str, Ilissia, 11852, Greece. (4)Laboratory of Anatomy, School of Nursing, University of Athens, 123 Papadiamantopoulou Str., Goudi, 11527, Greece. (5)Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, Egaleo, Athens, 12243, Greece. (6)Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the joints that affects greatly the elderly population and the health care systems and is on the increase due to aging and obesity. Interventions aim at palliative care and pharmaceutical therapies entail serious adverse events. Whereas polyphenols constitute a promising holistic approach in the arsenal of physicians, trials investigating biomarkers and questionnaires are scarce. As such, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to evaluate the potency of a standardized polyphenolic supplement in the management of systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, pain and general quality of life (QoL) in patients with osteoarthritis. Sixty subjects were randomized to receive either a polyphenol supplement (curcuma phospholipid, rosemary extract, resveratrol, ascorbic acid), or an active comparator (ascorbic acid) twice, daily for 12 weeks. The group that received the polyphenols exhibited significantly lower symptoms of pain and improved physical function and QoL as it was depicted by validated questionnaires, compared to the control group. Furthermore, post intervention, inflammation was restrained in the polyphenol group. Since systemic inflammation promotes local inflammation, the decrease of pain herein might be attributed to the attenuation of systemic inflammation by the polyphenols. © 2023 The Authors. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20143 PMCID: PMC10559924 PMID: 37809749 Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:Author E.V. was an employee of Qualia Pharma during the trial but owned no shares in the company. The funding source provided the supplements and did not have any role in study design, collection, and analysis, interpretation of the data or decision to submit this manuscript.

Rapid increase in immune surveillance and expression of NKT and γδT cell activation markers after consuming a nutraceutical supplement containing Aloe vera gel, extracts of Poria cocos and rosemary. A randomized placebo-controlled cross-over trial.

7. PLoS One. 2023 Sep 12;18(9):e0291254. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291254. eCollection 2023. Rapid increase in immune surveillance and expression of NKT and γδT cell activation markers after consuming a nutraceutical supplement containing Aloe vera gel, extracts of Poria cocos and rosemary. A randomized placebo-controlled cross-over trial. Yu L(1), McGarry S(1), Cruickshank D(1), Jensen GS(2). Author information: (1)NIS Labs, Port Dover, Ontario, Canada. (2)NIS Labs, Klamath Falls, Oregon, United States of America. GOAL: To evaluate the acute impact of a nutraceutical blend on immune surveillance. STUDY DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial was conducted in 11 healthy subjects. Blood samples were taken immediately before and at 1, 2, and 3 hours after consuming placebo or 500 mg of UP360, which is a blend of botanicals from Aloe vera, Poria cocos, and rosemary (APR extract). Immunophenotyping and flow cytometry quantified numbers of monocytes, NK cells, NKT cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, γδT cells, and total T cells, and expression of CD25 and CD69 activation markers. Plasma was tested for cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. RESULTS: Compared to the placebo, consumption of APR extract triggered rapid increases in chemokine levels starting at 1 hour, including IP-10 (P<0.05) and MCP-1 (P<0.1), which peaked at 2 hours (P<0.01) and 3 hours (P<0.05), respectively. The stem cell-mobilizing growth factor G-CSF increased at 2 hours (P<0.05). Increased immune surveillance involved a transient effect for monocytes at 1 hour, followed by NKT cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, and γδT cells at 2-3 hours. Increased immune cell alertness was seen at 1 hour by increased CD25 expression on monocytes (P<0.01), NKT cells (P<0.01), and T cells (P<0.05). NKT cells showed upregulation of CD69 at 2 hours (P<0.01). Increased enzymatic activity was seen at 2 hours for the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (P<0.05) and catalase (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Consumption of APR extract triggered acute changes to chemokine levels. In addition, immune alertness was increased via the expression of activation markers on multiple types of innate immune cells, followed by increased immune surveillance and antioxidant protection. This suggests a beneficial enhancement of natural immune surveillance, likely via a combination of gut-mediated cytokine release and vagus nerve communication, in combination with cellular protection from oxidative stress. Copyright: © 2023 Yu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291254 PMCID: PMC10497150 PMID: 37699014 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no competing interests.

The Therapeutic and Prophylactic Potential of Quercetin against COVID-19: An Outlook on the Clinical Studies, Inventive Compositions, and Patent Literature.

8. Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Apr 29;11(5):876. doi: 10.3390/antiox11050876. The Therapeutic and Prophylactic Potential of Quercetin against COVID-19: An Outlook on the Clinical Studies, Inventive Compositions, and Patent Literature. Imran M(1), Thabet HK(2), Alaqel SI(1), Alzahrani AR(3), Abida A(1), Alshammari MK(4), Kamal M(5), Diwan A(6), Asdaq SMB(7), Alshehri S(8). Author information: (1)Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia. (2)Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia. (3)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Abidiyah, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia. (4)Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Rafha Central Hospital, North Zone, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia. (5)Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia. (6)School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Apeejay Stya University, Sohna-Palwal Road, Sohna 122103, India. (7)Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia. (8)Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. Quercetin is a phenolic flavonol compound with established antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immuno-stimulant properties. Recent studies demonstrate the potential of quercetin against COVID-19. This article highlighted the prophylactic/therapeutic potential of quercetin against COVID-19 in view of its clinical studies, inventions, and patents. The literature for the subject matter was collected utilizing different databases, including PubMed, Sci-Finder, Espacenet, Patentscope, and USPTO. Clinical studies expose the potential of quercetin monotherapy, and also its combination therapy with other compounds, including zinc, vitamin C, curcumin, vitamin D3, masitinib, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and ivermectin. The patent literature also examines claims that quercetin containing nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and dietary supplements, alone or in combination with other drugs/compounds, including favipiravir, remdesivir, molnupiravir, navitoclax, dasatinib, disulfiram, rucaparib, tamarixin, iota-carrageenan, and various herbal extracts (aloe, poria, rosemary, and sphagnum) has potential for use against COVID-19. The literature reveals that quercetin exhibits anti-COVID-19 activity because of its inhibitory effect on the expression of the human ACE2 receptors and the enzymes of SARS-CoV-2 (MPro, PLPro, and RdRp). The USFDA designated quercetin as a "Generally Recognized as Safe" substance for use in the food and beverage industries. It is also an inexpensive and readily available compound. These facts increase the possibility and foreseeability of making novel and economical drug combinations containing quercetin to prevent/treat COVID-19. Quercetin is an acidic compound and shows metabolic interaction with some antivirals, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory agents. Therefore, the physicochemical and metabolic drug interactions between quercetin and the combined drugs/compounds must be better understood before developing new compositions. DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050876 PMCID: PMC9137692 PMID: 35624740 Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Tomato Phytonutrients Balance UV Response: Results from a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.

9. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2019;32(2):101-108. doi: 10.1159/000497104. Epub 2019 Mar 5. Tomato Phytonutrients Balance UV Response: Results from a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Groten K(1), Marini A(1), Grether-Beck S(1), Jaenicke T(1), Ibbotson SH(2), Moseley H(2), Ferguson J(2), Krutmann J(3)(4). Author information: (1)IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany. (2)Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom. (3)IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany, jean.krutmann@IUF-duesseldorf.de. (4)Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany, jean.krutmann@IUF-duesseldorf.de. BACKGROUND: Our previous double-blinded, placebo-controlled cross-over study indicated that a nutritional supplement named lycopene-rich tomato nutrient complex (TNC) can protect from UVA1-induced (340-400 nm) and UVA- (320-400 nm)/UVB-induced (280-320 nm) upregulation of molecular markers associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and ageing. OBJECTIVES: in the current double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter study, we analyze whether a similar, synergistic carotenoid-rich TNC can protect from broadband UVB-induced threshold erythema formation assessed as increase in minimal erythemal dose (MED) reading, the intensity of erythema formation, and the upregulation of molecular markers associated with inflammation and immunosuppression, and whether this correlates with carotenoid blood levels. METHODS: One hundred and forty-nine healthy volunteers were randomized to two groups and subjected to a 5-week washout phase, followed by a 12-week treatment phase receiving either 15 mg lycopene, 5.8 mg phytoene and phytofluene, 0.8 mg β-carotene, 5.6 mg tocopherols from tomato extract, and 4 mg carnosic acid from rosemary extract per day or placebo made from medium-chain triglycerides. At the end of each phase, MED determination, UVB irradiation, chromametry, biopsies, and blood samples were undertaken. RESULTS: The active supplement was well tolerated. Interestingly, no significant difference was seen in the MED between the active-supplement and placebo groups, as determined by visual grading by expert assessors. Of note, the carotenoid-containing supplement significantly protected against UVB-induced erythema formation measured as Δa* after the intervention minus Δa* after the washout phase as compared to the placebo. Moreover, intake of the active supplement significantly protected against UVB-induced upregulation of IL6 and TNFα as compared with the intake of placebo. Lastly, carotenoid plasma levels were significantly increased. CONCLUSION: This well-tolerated carotenoid-containing supplement significantly protected against UVB-induced erythema formation and upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines in healthy volunteers. © 2019 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel. DOI: 10.1159/000497104 PMCID: PMC6482986 PMID: 30836363 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Acute ingestion of rosemary water: Evidence of cognitive and cerebrovascular effects in healthy adults.

10. J Psychopharmacol. 2018 Dec;32(12):1319-1329. doi: 10.1177/0269881118798339. Epub 2018 Oct 15. Acute ingestion of rosemary water: Evidence of cognitive and cerebrovascular effects in healthy adults. Moss M(1), Smith E(1), Milner M(1), McCready J(1). Author information: (1)Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. BACKGROUND: The use of herbal extracts and supplements to enhance health and wellbeing is increasing in western society. AIMS: This study investigated the impact of the acute ingestion of a commercially available water containing an extract and hydrolat of rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis L. syn. Salvia rosmarinus Schleid.). Aspects of cognitive functioning, mood and cerebrovascular response measured by near-infrared spectroscopy provided the dependent variables. METHODS: Eighty healthy adults were randomly allocated to consume either 250 mL of rosemary water or plain mineral water. They then completed a series of computerised cognitive tasks, followed by subjective measures of alertness and fatigue. Near-infrared spectroscopy monitored levels of total, oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin at baseline and throughout the cognitive testing procedure. RESULTS: Analysis of the data revealed a number of statistically significant, small, beneficial effects of rosemary water on cognition, consistent with those found previously for the inhalation of the aroma of rosemary essential oil. Of particular interest here are the cerebrovascular effects noted for deoxygenated haemoglobin levels during cognitive task performance that were significantly higher in the rosemary water condition. This represents a novel finding in this area, and may indicate a facilitation of oxygen extraction at times of cognitive demand. CONCLUSION: Taken together the data suggest potential beneficial properties of acute consumption of rosemary water. The findings are discussed in terms of putative metabolic and cholinergic mechanisms. DOI: 10.1177/0269881118798339 PMID: 30318972 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Culinary Spice Plants in Dietary Supplement Products and Tested in Clinical Trials.

11. Adv Nutr. 2016 Mar 15;7(2):343-8. doi: 10.3945/an.115.011213. Print 2016 Mar. Culinary Spice Plants in Dietary Supplement Products and Tested in Clinical Trials. Saldanha LG(1), Dwyer JT(2), Betz JM(2). Author information: (1)Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD saldanhl@mail.nih.gov. (2)Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Dried plant parts used as culinary spices (CSs) in food are permitted as dietary ingredients in dietary supplements (DSs) within certain constraints in the United States. We reviewed the amounts, forms, and nutritional support (structure/function) claims of DSs that contain CS plants listed in the Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) and compared this label information with trial doses and health endpoints for CS plants that were the subject of clinical trials listed in clinicaltrials.gov. According to the DSLD, the CS plants occurring most frequently in DSs were cayenne, cinnamon, garlic, ginger, pepper, rosemary, and turmeric. Identifying the botanical species, categorizing the forms used, and determining the amounts from the information provided on DS labels was challenging. CS plants were typically added as a component of a blend, as the powered biomass, dried extracts, and isolated phytochemicals. The amounts added were declared on about 55% of the labels, rendering it difficult to determine the amount of the CS plant used in many DSs. Clinicaltrials.gov provided little information about the composition of test articles in the intervention studies. When plant names were listed on DS labels and in clinical trials, generally the common name and not the Latin binomial name was given. In order to arrive at exposure estimates and enable researchers to reproduce clinical trials, the Latin binomial name, form, and amount of the CS plant used in DSs and tested in clinical trials must be specified. © 2016 American Society for Nutrition. DOI: 10.3945/an.115.011213 PMCID: PMC4785482 PMID: 26980817 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Author disclosures: JT Dwyer is a member of the McCormick Science Institute Scientific Advisory Council and holds stock in McCormick & Co., Inc. LG Saldanha and JM Betz, no conflicts of interest.

Effect of dietary antioxidant supplementation on the oxidative status of plasma in broilers.

12. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2011 Apr;95(2):198-205. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01041.x. Epub 2010 Aug 27. Effect of dietary antioxidant supplementation on the oxidative status of plasma in broilers. Vossen E(1), Ntawubizi M, Raes K, Smet K, Huyghebaert G, Arnouts S, De Smet S. Author information: (1)Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, Melle, Belgium. In this study, the effect of dietary antioxidants on the plasma oxidative status of growing birds fed a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids was investigated. One-day-old broilers were fed for 42 days a diet containing 4% linseed oil and supplemented with single plant extracts rich in antioxidants (natural tocopherols, rosemary, grape seed, green tea, tomato) or a combination of some of these plant extracts, in two different total doses (100 and 200 mg product/kg feed). A diet with synthetic antioxidants with and without α-tocopheryl acetate (200 mg/kg feed) were also included. The plasma oxidative status was evaluated measuring the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity. Lipid peroxidation was measured by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). No significant effect of the dietary treatments was observed for FRAP as well as for TBARS. However, diet affected GSH-Px activity (p = 0.002) and a trend for an effect on SOD activity was observed (p=0.084). A higher GSH-Px activity was found for 200 mg/kg tomato extract and natural α-tocopherol in relation to the corresponding 100 mg/kg treatment, and the lowest GSH-Px activity was measured for the synthetic antioxidants treatment. The lowest and highest SOD activity were found for the 200. and 100 mg/kg treatment with tomato extract respectively. In conclusion, the oxidative status and lipid oxidation of plasma in broilers was not affected by feeding natural antioxidant extracts at the doses in the present study, but some changes in antioxidant enzyme activities were observed, of which the implication remains to be elucidated. © 2010 Blackwell Verlag GmbH. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01041.x PMID: 20796081 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Metabolomic approach to the nutraceutical effect of rosemary extract plus Ω-3 PUFAs in diabetic children with capillary electrophoresis.

13. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2010 Dec 15;53(5):1298-304. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.07.034. Epub 2010 Jul 30. Metabolomic approach to the nutraceutical effect of rosemary extract plus Ω-3 PUFAs in diabetic children with capillary electrophoresis. Balderas C(1), Villaseñor A, García A, Rupérez FJ, Ibañez E, Señorans J, Guerrero-Fernández J, González-Casado I, Gracia-Bouthelier R, Barbas C. Author information: (1)CEMBIO (Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis) Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Campus Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a major endocrine disorder, affecting approximately 5% of the world's population. It not only leads to hyperglycaemia but also causes many complications, and numerous studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress contributes to these complications. As a new strategy to improve the oxidative damage in diabetes, interest has grown in the usage of natural antioxidants, even more in the long term. Among them, Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) has been widely accepted as one of the species with the highest antioxidant activity. In addition, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were efficient in delaying and decreasing cardiovascular risk factors associated with diabetes. Type 1 diabetic children and the corresponding controls were enrolled in the assay. The aim was evaluating the effect of a special additive containing rosemary extract, vitamin E and PUFAs added to their standard diet through the meat. In the analytical point of view, a metabolomic approach with CE-UV was used to detect possible differences in urine of diabetic children as compared to controls. After the application of the appropriate multivariate statistical tools, clear differences could be observed between treated and non-treated diabetic children and some of the metabolites associated could be identified. This was specially challenging as most of the clinical biochemical parameters measured by target analysis showed no differences between the groups. Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.07.034 PMID: 20719450 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

[Efficiency of includes of bioactive substances in diet of patient with hepatic encephalopathy].

14. Vopr Pitan. 2006;75(2):40-4. [Efficiency of includes of bioactive substances in diet of patient with hepatic encephalopathy]. [Article in Russian] Kaziulin AN, Petukhov AB, Kucheriavyĭ IuA. We includes 66 patients with liver cirrhosis of Child-Pugh B class with hepatic encephalopathy of 0 to 2nd stages in randomized interventional study. 36 patients received standard treatment and 30 patients received standard treatment + bioactive substances in formula CognoBlend in capsules (2 capsules twice a day) in course of 5 weeks. Formula includes extracts of plants: Bacopa monneria, Gingko biloba, Cat's Claw, Gotu Kola, Rosemary. In group combined treatment was significant improvement of clinical signs, psychometric tests, electroencephalography and serum biochemistry than in group with standard therapy, on term of 2 to 5 weeks. PMID: 16729760 [Indexed for MEDLINE]