소나무 껍질 추출물 (피크노제놀)

Impact of a Dietary Supplementation with French Maritime Pine Bark Extract Pycnogenol(®) on Salivary and Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers During Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy-A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Trial.

1. Nutrients. 2025 Apr 30;17(9):1546. doi: 10.3390/nu17091546. Impact of a Dietary Supplementation with French Maritime Pine Bark Extract Pycnogenol(®) on Salivary and Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers During Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy-A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Trial. Bayer

Pro‑apoptotic effects of pycnogenol on HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.

2. Int J Oncol. 2015 Apr;46(4):1629-36. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2854. Epub 2015 Jan 27. Pro‑apoptotic effects of pycnogenol on HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. Harati K(1), Slodnik P(1), Chromik AM(2), Behr B(1), Goertz O(1), Hirsch T(1), Kapalschinski N(1), Klein-Hitpass L(3), Kolbenschlag J(1),

Does supplementation with pine bark extract improve cardiometabolic risk factors? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

1. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2025 Feb 22;25(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s12906-025-04819-9. Does supplementation with pine bark extract improve cardiometabolic risk factors? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mohammadi S(1)(2), Fulop T(3), Khalil A(3), Ebrahimi S(4), Hasani M(5), Ziaei S(6), Farsi F(7), Mirtaheri E(8), Afsharianfar M(9), Heshmati J(10). Author information: (1)Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, 6135715794, Iran. shooka.mohammadi@gmail.com. (2)Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. shooka.mohammadi@gmail.com. (3)Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada. (4)The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia. (5)Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. (6)Department of Anesthesia, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. (7)Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (8)Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. (9)Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. (10)Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6715847141, Iran. javad.heshmati@gmail.com. BACKGROUND: Supplementation with pine bark extract (PBE) may improve risk factors associated with cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). The effects of PBE supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors were evaluated in this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS: A comprehensive search of various databases was performed to identify relevant RCTs published up to September 2024. A random-effects model was employed for the meta-analysis, which included 27 RCTs with 1,685 participants. RESULTS: The findings indicated that PBE supplementation significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) (weighted mean difference (WMD): -2.26 mmHg, 95% confidence interval (CI): -3.73, -0.79; P = 0.003), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD: -2.62 mmHg, 95% CI: -3.71, -1.53; P < 0.001), fasting blood sugar (FBS) (WMD: -6.25 mg/dL, 95% CI: -9.97, -2.53; P = 0.001), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD: -0.32%, 95% CI: -0.54, -0.11; P = 0.003), body weight (WMD: -1.37 kg, 95% CI: -1.86, -0.88; P < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (WMD: -5.07 mg/dL, 95% CI: -9.21, -0.94; P = 0.016) in the PBE-treated group compared to their untreated counterparts. However, no significant impact of PBE was observed on waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), or serum levels of insulin, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC). CONCLUSIONS: Supplementation with PBE may ameliorate specific cardiometabolic risk factors, as indicated by reductions in body weight, DBP, SBP, FBS, LDL, and HbA1c levels. This approach can be regarded as an adjunct therapeutic strategy for CMS management. Further high-quality trials with larger sample sizes and longer durations are required to validate these findings. © 2025. The Author(s). DOI: 10.1186/s12906-025-04819-9 PMCID: PMC11847364 PMID: 39987124 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Effect of a polyphenol-rich dietary supplement containing Pinus massoniana bark extract on blood pressure in healthy adults: A parallel, randomized placebo-controlled trial.

2. Complement Ther Med. 2022 Dec;71:102896. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102896. Epub 2022 Oct 21. Effect of a polyphenol-rich dietary supplement containing Pinus massoniana bark extract on blood pressure in healthy adults: A parallel, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Ferguson JJA(1), Oldmeadow C(2), Bentley D(3), Eslick S(4), Garg ML(5). Author information: (1)Nutraceuticals Research Program, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, 305C Medical Science Building, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia. Electronic address: Jessica.Ferguson@uon.edu.au. (2)Clinical Research Design, Information Technology and Statistical Support Unit, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton, NSW 2308, Australia. (3)School of Exercise and Sports Science, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia. Electronic address: bent-ley.dj@gmail.com. (4)Nutraceuticals Research Program, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, 305C Medical Science Building, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia. (5)Nutraceuticals Research Program, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, 305C Medical Science Building, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia. Electronic address: Manohar.Garg@newcastle.edu.au. OBJECTIVES: High blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and prevalence rates continue to rise with ageing populations. Polypharmacy remains a burden among the ageing, thus alternative effective strategies are warranted. This study investigated the effects of a polyphenols rich dietary supplement containing Pinus massoniana bark extract (PMBE) for modulating BP in healthy Australian adults. DESIGN: This study is a secondary analysis of data from a double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. METHODS: Sixty-two healthy adults aged 55-75 years were randomized to receive 50 mL dietary supplement containing placebo (0 mg PMBE) or PMBE (1322 mg PMBE) daily for 12 weeks. Seated systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) were measured at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks. Effects of PMBE on modulating BP was also explored in this study stratified for SBP status (optimal v high) as well as by SBP medication status. Mixed effect regression modelling was employed involving fixed categorical effects for elapsed time, treatment assignment and their interaction as well as random subject-level intercept to account for within-subject correlations resulting from repeated measurements. Significant models were further examined by addition of covariates and power calculations were performed since this study was a secondary analysis. RESULTS: SBP significantly reduced (-3.29 mmHg, p = 0.028) after PMBE at 12 weeks compared to baseline. SBP in individuals with normal-high SBP (>120 mmHg) in the PMBE group reduced by - 6.46 mmHg (p = 0.001) at 12 weeks compared to baseline. No significant changes were reported for individuals with optimal (≤120 mmHg) SBP nor did DBP significantly change in either study groups. In individuals with non-medicated normal-high SBP, SBP significantly reduced by - 7.49 mmHg (p = 0.001) and DBP by - 3.06 mmHg (p = 0.011) at 12 weeks compared to baseline after PMBE. Cross-group comparisons were not statistically different. CONCLUSIONS: A polyphenol-rich dietary supplement derived from PMBE led to a clinically and statistically significant reduction in SBP in adults. Future studies to investigate the effects of PMBE-polyphenol supplementation on BP are warranted to confirm and explore optimal dose and impact on hypertension. Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102896 PMID: 36280012 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Conflict of Interest Statement The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

The effect of French maritime pine bark extract supplementation on inflammation, nutritional and clinical status in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury: A randomized controlled trial.

3. Phytother Res. 2021 Sep;35(9):5178-5188. doi: 10.1002/ptr.7187. Epub 2021 Aug 12. The effect of French maritime pine bark extract supplementation on inflammation, nutritional and clinical status in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury: A randomized controlled trial. Malekahmadi M(1)(2), Shadnoush M(3), Islam SMS(4), Shirvani A(5), Pahlavani N(6)(7), Gholizadeh Navashenaq J(8), Firouzi S(1), McVicar J(4), Nematy M(2), Zali MR(1), Moradi Moghaddam O(9), Norouzy A(2). Author information: (1)Department of Clinical Nutrition, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (2)Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. (3)National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (4)Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. (5)Virtual School of Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (6)Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran. (7)Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. (8)Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran. (9)Trauma and Injury Research Center, Critical Care Department, Rasoul-e-Akram Complex Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Based on the anti-inflammatory properties of French maritime pine bark extract and the neuroprotective effects, we aimed to evaluate the effects of its supplementation on TBI. Sixty-seven TBI patients admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) were enrolled. After stabilizing the hemodynamic status, the intervention group received 150 mg of French maritime pine bark extract supplementation (Oligopin) with enteral nutrition for 10 days. The control group received a placebo. Inflammatory status and oxidative stress markers were measured three times. Also, clinical and nutritional statuses were assessed. Supplementation, significantly decreased IL-6 (β = -53.43 pg/ml, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -91.74, -15.13, p = .006), IL-1β (β = -111.66 pg/ml, 95% CI = -183.79, -39.5402, p = .002) and C-reactive protein (β = -19.99 mg/L, 95% CI = -27.23, -12.76, p ˃ .001) in the intervention group compared to control group after 10 days. Clinical scores including acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II and sequential organ failure assessment were reduced (β = -3.72, 95% CI = -5.96, -1.49, p = .001and β = -2.07, 95% CI = -3.23, -0.90, p < .001, respectively), and Nutric score was reduced compared to control group (β = -.60, 95% CI = -1.08, -0.12, p = .01). The survival rate was higher by 15% in the intervention group compared to control group. Oligopin supplementation in TBI patients in ICU reduced inflammation and improved the clinical status and malnutrition score and thereby reducing the mortality rate. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7187 PMID: 34382717 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Oral Pycnogenol® Intake Benefits the Skin in Urban Chinese Outdoor Workers: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, and Crossover Intervention Study.

4. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2021;34(3):135-145. doi: 10.1159/000514323. Epub 2021 Mar 31. Oral Pycnogenol® Intake Benefits the Skin in Urban Chinese Outdoor Workers: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, and Crossover Intervention Study. Zhao H(1), Wu J(2), Wang N(2), Grether-Beck S(3), Krutmann J(3), Wei L(4). Author information: (1)Department of Cosmetics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China. (2)Beijing EWISH Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China. (3)IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany. (4)Air Force General Hospital, Beijing, China. BACKGROUND: Oral supplementation with a standardized extract from the bark of the French pine (Pycnogenol®) has been reported to benefit the skin. It might thus represent an easy-to-use strategy to improve the skin health of individuals who are exposed to considerable environmental stress in large urban areas. OBJECTIVE: We investigated if oral intake of Pycnogenol® can benefit the skin of Han Chinese working outdoors in Beijing, China. METHODS: In a monocentre, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, and crossover study, the effects of Pycnogenol® intake (2 × 50 mg/day for a total of 12 weeks) on a variety of skin physiological parameters was studied in Chinese subjects (n = 76), from spring to autumn, who were working outdoors in Beijing, China. RESULTS: During the intervention period, study subjects were constantly exposed to increased levels of particulate matter (PM)2.5 as well as seasonal changes in humidity and temperature. Despite this environmental stress, Pycnogenol® intake prevented (i) a decrease in the skin hydration, (ii) transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and (iii) skin darkening during the dry autumn season. In addition, Pycnogenol® intake improved (iv) viscoelastic skin properties such as gross elasticity and elastic recovery irrespective of the season. These beneficial effects were not observed if the same subjects were supplemented with placebo. CONCLUSION: Oral intake of Pycnogenol® benefits the skin in Han Chinese, who are working outdoors under considerable environmental stress. © 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel. DOI: 10.1159/000514323 PMID: 33789311 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Efficacy and safety of a supplement combination on hand pain among people with symptomatic hand osteoarthritis an internet-based, randomised clinical trial the RADIANT study.

5. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2021 May;29(5):667-677. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.01.011. Epub 2021 Feb 19. Efficacy and safety of a supplement combination on hand pain among people with symptomatic hand osteoarthritis an internet-based, randomised clinical trial the RADIANT study. Liu X(1), Robbins S(2), Eyles J(3), Fedorova T(4), Virk S(5), Deveza LA(6), McLachlan AJ(7), Hunter DJ(8). Author information: (1)Rheumatology Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: xliu2328@uni.sydney.edu.au. (2)Rheumatology Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: sarah.robbins@sydney.edu.au. (3)Rheumatology Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: jillian.eyles@sydney.edu.au. (4)Rheumatology Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: tatyana.fedorova@sydney.edu.au. (5)Rheumatology Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: sonika.virk@sydney.edu.au. (6)Rheumatology Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: leticia.alle@sydney.edu.au. (7)School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: andrew.mclachlan@sydney.edu.au. (8)Rheumatology Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Australia; Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. OBJECTIVE: The RADIANT study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a complementary medicine supplement combination in people with hand osteoarthritis (HOA). METHOD: This was an internet-based, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Participants aged over 40 years with symptomatic HOA with radiographic confirmation (Kellgren Lawrence grade ≥ 2) throughout Australia were recruited and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either a supplement combination composed of Boswellia serrata extract 250 mg/day, pine bark extract 100 mg/day, methylsulfonylmethane 1,500 mg/day and curcumin 168 mg/day or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was change in hand pain assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS 0-100) from baseline to week 12. A range of secondary outcomes and additional measures were recorded. Adverse events were monitored weekly. RESULTS: One hundred and six participants were included with mean age 65.6 years and 81% were women. 45% of the participants were graded as KLG 4, 40% KLG three and 39 (37%) had erosive OA. There was no significant difference in pain VAS reduction between groups. The adjusted between group difference in means (95%CI) was 5.34 (-2.39 to 13.07). Five participants (10%) in the supplement combination group discontinued study treatment due to AE vs four participants (7%) in the placebo group. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in symptomatic relief between the two groups over 12 weeks. These findings do not support the use of the supplement combination for treating hand pain in people with HOA. REGISTRATION: Prospectively registered (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619000835145, 31/05/2019). Copyright © 2021 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.01.011 PMID: 33617972 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Effect of French maritime pine bark extract supplementation on metabolic status and serum vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria.

6. Complement Ther Med. 2021 May;58:102689. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102689. Epub 2021 Feb 18. Effect of French maritime pine bark extract supplementation on metabolic status and serum vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria. Navval-Esfahlan E(1), Rafraf M(2), Asghari S(3), Imani H(3), Asghari-Jafarabadi M(4), Karimi-Avval S(5). Author information: (1)Students' Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. (2)Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: rafrafm@tbzmed.ac.ir. (3)Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (4)Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. (5)Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Sina Medical Research and Training Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effect of French maritime pine bark extract (PBE) supplementation on metabolic parameters, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), and anthropometric indexes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and microalbuminuria. DESIGN: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 46 patients with T2DM and the evidence of microalbuminuria aged 30-65 years. SETTING: Patients were recruited from the endocrinology clinic of Sina hospital (Tabriz, Iran) from March 2018 to April 2019. INTERVENTIONS: The subjects were randomly assigned to receive two capsules/day each containing 50mg of PBE or placebo for eight weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Glycemic parameters, serum VCAM-1 and lipid profile, UACR, and anthropometric indexes were measured for all patients at baseline and the end of the study. RESULTS: PBE supplementation significantly reduced glycosylated hemoglobin, VCAM-1, total cholesterol, UACR, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio compared to the placebo group at the end of the study (all P < 0.05). Changes in fasting blood glucose, insulin, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were not significant between the two groups (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The study findings demonstrated some favorable effects of PBE supplementation on glycemic control, serum VCAM-1 and total cholesterol levels, and microalbuminuria, as well as abdominal obesity in patients with T2DM. Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102689 PMID: 33610726 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Complementary effects of pine bark extract supplementation on inattention, impulsivity, and antioxidative status in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled cross-over study.

7. Phytother Res. 2021 Jun;35(6):3226-3235. doi: 10.1002/ptr.7036. Epub 2021 Feb 8. Complementary effects of pine bark extract supplementation on inattention, impulsivity, and antioxidative status in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled cross-over study. Hsu CD(1), Hsieh LH(2), Chen YL(2), Lin IC(3), Chen YR(3), Chen CC(3), Shirakawa H(4), Yang SC(2)(5)(6). Author information: (1)Department of Psychiatry, Taiwan Adventist Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. (2)School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. (3)Department of Psychiatry, Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan. (4)Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. (5)Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. (6)Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to investigate the complementary effects of polyphenolic compounds from pine bark extract (PE) as a strong antioxidative substrate on the symptoms of inattention and impulsivity in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This was a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study that included two experimental units (4 weeks with PE supplementation and 4 weeks with placebo supplementation) separated by a 2-week washout period. ADHD participants were supplemented with 25 mg or 50 mg PE. We recruited 20 participants (17 boys and 3 girls) with a mean age of 10.0 ± 2.1 years. PE supplementation caused a significant reduction in the inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity items of SNAP-IV. During the period of PE supplementation, the item of commissions in the Continuous Performance Test III (CPT III) significantly decreased, which was used to evaluate the symptoms of inattention and impulsivity. In addition, the erythrocytic reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio significantly increased, and the plasma TBARs level significantly decreased after 4 weeks of PE supplementation. However, there was no significant correlation between CPT III (commission) and antioxidative status indictors. PE supplementation may have potential effects of ameliorating inattention and impulsivity, and elevating the antioxidative status in children with ADHD. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7036 PMID: 33559134 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Oligopin® Supplementation Mitigates Oxidative Stress in Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

8. Phytomedicine. 2021 Jan;81:153417. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153417. Epub 2020 Nov 19. Oligopin® Supplementation Mitigates Oxidative Stress in Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Majidi Z(1), Ansari M(1), Maghbooli Z(2), Ghasemi A(3), Ebrahimi SSS(1), Hossein-Nezhad A(4), Emamgholipour S(5). Author information: (1)Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (2)MS Research Center, Neurosciences Institute of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (3)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akbar Abadi Teaching Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran, Iran. (4)Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Nutrition, and Diabetes, Vitamin D, Skin and Bone Research Laboratory, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. Electronic address: arash_hsi@yahoo.com. (5)Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: semamgholipour@sina.tums.ac.ir. BACKGROUND: Evidence indicates a close association between oxidative stress and the etiopathogenesis of osteopenia. In vitro and animal studies report that Oligopin®, an extract of French maritime pine bark extract, has beneficial effects on oxidative stress. PURPOSE: Here, we aimed to determine whether supplementation with Oligopin® affects bone turnover markers, antioxidant enzymes, and oxidative stress markers in these patients. METHODS: Forty-three postmenopausal women with osteopenia were randomized in a placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial to receive either 150 mg/day Oligopin® (n = 22) or placebo (n = 21) for 12 weeks. Plasma levels of bone turnover markers; osteocalcin (OC), type I collagen cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTX-1), OC/CTX1 ratio along with total antioxidant capacity(TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, protein carbonyl, and total thiol contents in plasma, activities of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase in both peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma as well as mRNA expression of MnSOD, catalase, and Nrf2 in PBMCs were measured at the baseline and the end of the intervention. RESULTS: Oligopin® supplementation significantly increased OC levels and the ratio of OC to CTX1 in women with osteopenia compared to placebo intervention after 12 weeks. Oligopin® significantly decreased plasma protein carbonyl content in postmenopausal women compared with the after placebo treatment. Moreover, Oligopin® intervention significantly increased plasma total thiol content, TAC, plasma activity of both MnSOD and catalase, and the transcript level of Nrf2, MnSOD, and catalase in comparison with the placebo group. CONCLUSION: Supplementation with 150 mg/day Oligopin® for 12 weeks exerts beneficial effects in postmenopausal osteopenia through improving the antioxidant defense system in the plasma and PBMCs that was accompanied by an increase in indicators of bone turnover. Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier GmbH. DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153417 PMID: 33250314 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders.

9. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Sep 29;9(9):CD008294. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008294.pub5. Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders. Robertson NU(1), Schoonees A(2), Brand A(2), Visser J(1). Author information: (1)Division of Human Nutrition, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. (2)Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. Update of Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Apr 18;(4):CD008294. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008294.pub4. BACKGROUND: Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract is rich in bioflavonoids, predominantly proanthocyanidins, which are antioxidants. Commercially-available extract supplements are marketed for preventing or treating various chronic conditions associated with oxidative stress. This is an update of a previously published review. OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and safety of pine bark extract supplements for treating chronic disorders. SEARCH METHODS: We searched three databases and three trial registries; latest search: 30 September 2019. We contacted the manufacturers of pine bark extracts to identify additional studies and hand-searched bibliographies of included studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating pine bark extract supplements in adults or children with any chronic disorder. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed trial eligibility, extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Where possible, we pooled data in meta-analyses. We used GRADE to evaluate the certainty of evidence. Primary outcomes were participant- and investigator-reported clinical outcomes directly related to each disorder and all-cause mortality. We also assessed adverse events and biomarkers of oxidative stress. MAIN RESULTS: This review included 27 RCTs (22 parallel and five cross-over designs; 1641 participants) evaluating pine bark extract supplements across 10 chronic disorders: asthma (two studies; 86 participants); attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (one study; 61 participants), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and risk factors (seven studies; 338 participants), chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) (two studies; 60 participants), diabetes mellitus (DM) (six studies; 339 participants), erectile dysfunction (three studies; 277 participants), female sexual dysfunction (one study; 83 participants), osteoarthritis (three studies; 293 participants), osteopenia (one study; 44 participants) and traumatic brain injury (one study; 60 participants). Two studies exclusively recruited children; the remainder recruited adults. Trials lasted between four weeks and six months. Placebo was the control in 24 studies. Overall risk of bias was low for four, high for one and unclear for 22 studies. In adults with asthma, we do not know whether pine bark extract increases change in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) % predicted/forced vital capacity (FVC) (mean difference (MD) 7.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.19 to 12.21; one study; 44 participants; very low-certainty evidence), increases change in FEV1 % predicted (MD 7.00, 95% CI 0.10 to 13.90; one study; 44 participants; very low-certainty evidence), improves asthma symptoms (risk ratio (RR) 1.85, 95% CI 1.32 to 2.58; one study; 60 participants; very low-certainty evidence) or increases the number of people able to stop using albuterol inhalers (RR 6.00, 95% CI 1.97 to 18.25; one study; 60 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In children with ADHD, we do not know whether pine bark extract decreases inattention and hyperactivity assessed by parent- and teacher-rating scales (narrative synthesis; one study; 57 participants; very low-certainty evidence) or increases the change in visual-motoric coordination and concentration (MD 3.37, 95% CI 2.41 to 4.33; one study; 57 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In participants with CVD, we do not know whether pine bark extract decreases diastolic blood pressure (MD -3.00 mm Hg, 95% CI -4.51 to -1.49; one study; 61 participants; very low-certainty evidence); increases HDL cholesterol (MD 0.05 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.01 to 0.11; one study; 61 participants; very low-certainty evidence) or decreases LDL cholesterol (MD -0.03 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.05 to 0.00; one study; 61 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In participants with CVI, we do not know whether pine bark extract decreases pain scores (MD -0.59, 95% CI -1.02 to -0.16; one study; 40 participants; very low-certainty evidence), increases the disappearance of pain (RR 25.0, 95% CI 1.58 to 395.48; one study; 40 participants; very low-certainty evidence) or increases physician-judged treatment efficacy (RR 4.75, 95% CI 1.97 to 11.48; 1 study; 40 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In type 2 DM, we do not know whether pine bark extract leads to a greater reduction in fasting blood glucose (MD 1.0 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.09; one study; 48 participants;very low-certainty evidence) or decreases HbA1c (MD -0.90 %, 95% CI -1.78 to -0.02; 1 study; 48 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In a mixed group of participants with type 1 and type 2 DM we do not know whether pine bark extract decreases HbA1c (MD -0.20 %, 95% CI -1.83 to 1.43; one study; 67 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In men with erectile dysfunction, we do not know whether pine bark extract supplements increase International Index of Erectile Function-5 scores (not pooled; two studies; 147 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In women with sexual dysfunction, we do not know whether pine bark extract increases satisfaction as measured by the Female Sexual Function Index (MD 5.10, 95% CI 3.49 to 6.71; one study; 75 participants; very low-certainty evidence) or leads to a greater reduction of pain scores (MD 4.30, 95% CI 2.69 to 5.91; one study; 75 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In adults with osteoarthritis of the knee, we do not know whether pine bark extract decreases composite Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores (MD -730.00, 95% CI -1011.95 to -448.05; one study; 37 participants; very low-certainty evidence) or the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication (MD -18.30, 95% CI -25.14 to -11.46; one study; 35 participants; very low-certainty evidence). We do not know whether pine bark extract increases bone alkaline phosphatase in post-menopausal women with osteopenia (MD 1.16 ug/L, 95% CI -2.37 to 4.69; one study; 40 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In individuals with traumatic brain injury, we do not know whether pine bark extract decreases cognitive failure scores (MD -2.24, 95% CI -11.17 to 6.69; one study; 56 participants; very low-certainty evidence) or post-concussion symptoms (MD -0.76, 95% CI -5.39 to 3.87; one study; 56 participants; very low-certainty evidence). For most comparisons, studies did not report outcomes of hospital admissions or serious adverse events. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Small sample sizes, limited numbers of RCTs per condition, variation in outcome measures, and poor reporting of the included RCTs mean no definitive conclusions regarding the efficacy or safety of pine bark extract supplements are possible. Copyright © 2020 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008294.pub5 PMCID: PMC8094515 PMID: 32990945 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: All authors: none known.

Efficacy and safety of a supplement combination for hand osteoarthritis pain: protocol for an internet-based randomised placebo-controlled trial (The RADIANT study).

10. BMJ Open. 2020 Feb 18;10(2):e035672. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035672. Efficacy and safety of a supplement combination for hand osteoarthritis pain: protocol for an internet-based randomised placebo-controlled trial (The RADIANT study). Liu X(1), Robbins S(1), Eyles J(1), Fedorova T(1), Virk S(1), Deveza LA(1), McLachlan A(2), Hunter D(3). Author information: (1)Northern Clinical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Rheumatology Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. (2)School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. (3)Northern Clinical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Rheumatology Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia david.hunter@sydney.edu.au. INTRODUCTION: Hand osteoarthritis (HOA) is a highly prevalent disabling joint disease. The current management regimens are limited. Potentially as a consequence, many people turn to complementary and alternative medicines for symptomatic relief. A combination of two or more supplements is common in clinical practice; however, evidence for the efficacy of this approach is lacking. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of a supplement combination for treating symptomatic HOA in comparison to placebo. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The RADIANT study is an internet-based, parallel, superiority, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, two-arm clinical trial. A participatory design is used to facilitate the study procedures. One hundred and six participants aged over 40 years with painful HOA and structural change on X-ray (Kellgren and Lawrence grade (KLG) ≥2) will be recruited from the community and randomly allocated to receive either a supplement combination composed of: (1) combined supplement containing Boswellia serrata extract, pine bark extract and methylsulfonylmethane and (2) curcumin or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary outcome will be 12-week change in hand pain on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Main secondary outcomes include adverse events, change in hand function, patient global assessment of disease activity and quality of life. A range of additional measures will be recorded, and an individual patient placebo response will be performed. The primary analysis will be conducted using an intention-to-treat approach. Adverse events will be monitored weekly throughout the study. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This protocol has been approved by the University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC No. 2018/766). Dissemination will occur through conferences, social media, scientific publications and PhD thesis. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619000835145); Pre-results. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035672 PMCID: PMC7044939 PMID: 32075845 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Competing interests: DJH is supported by an NHMRC Practitioner Fellowship and provides consulting advice for Merck Serono, TLC Bio, Tissuegene and Pfizer. Unity Health provides the Sydney Pharmacy School for a researcher’s salary for a project led by AM that maintains a database of herb–drug interaction. AM has served as pharmacokinetic consult to BOD Australia on a study investigating cannabidiol bioavailability (ACTRN12618000391279).

Evaluation of the effects of pycnogenol (French maritime pine bark extract) supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers and nutritional and clinical status in traumatic brain injury patients in an intensive care unit: A randomized clinical trial protocol.

11. Trials. 2020 Feb 11;21(1):162. doi: 10.1186/s13063-019-4008-x. Evaluation of the effects of pycnogenol (French maritime pine bark extract) supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers and nutritional and clinical status in traumatic brain injury patients in an intensive care unit: A randomized clinical trial protocol. Malekahmadi M(1)(2), Moradi Moghaddam O(3), Islam SMS(4), Tanha K(5), Nematy M(2)(6), Pahlavani N(1)(2), Firouzi S(1)(2), Zali MR(7), Norouzy A(8)(9). Author information: (1)Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. (2)Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Bahonar St, Mashhad, Iran. (3)Trauma and Injury Research Center, Critical Care Department, Rasoul-e-Akram Complex Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (4)Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia. (5)Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (6)Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. (7)Behbood Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tehran, Iran. (8)Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Bahonar St, Mashhad, Iran. norouzya@mums.ac.ir. (9)Behbood Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tehran, Iran. norouzya@mums.ac.ir. BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major health and socioeconomic problems in the world. Immune-enhancing enteral formula has been proven to significantly reduce infection rate in TBI patients. One of the ingredients that can be used in immunonutrition formulas to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress is pycnogenol. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work is to survey the effect of pycnogenol on the clinical, nutritional, and inflammatory status of TBI patients. METHODS: This is a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Block randomization will be used. An intervention group will receive pycnogenol supplementation of 150 mg for 10 days and a control group will receive a placebo for the same duration. Inflammatory status (IL-6, IL- 1β, C-reactive protein) and oxidative stress status (malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity), at the baseline, at the 5th day, and at the end of the study (10th day) will be measured. Clinical and nutritional status will be assessed three times during the intervention. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) questionnaire for assessment of organ failure will be filled out every other day. The mortality rate will be calculated within 28 days of the start of the intervention. Weight, body mass index, and body composition will be measured. All analyses will be conducted by an initially assigned study arm in an intention-to-treat analysis. DISCUSSION: We expect that supplementation of 150 mg pycnogenol for 10 days will improve clinical and nutritional status and reduce the inflammation and oxidative stress of the TBI patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (ref: NCT03777683) at 12/13/2018. DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-4008-x PMCID: PMC7014642 PMID: 32046747 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Pharmacokinetic assessment of constituents of Boswellia serrata, pine bark extracts, curcumin in combination including methylsulfonylmethane in healthy volunteers.

12. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2020 Jan;72(1):121-131. doi: 10.1111/jphp.13184. Epub 2019 Oct 13. Pharmacokinetic assessment of constituents of Boswellia serrata, pine bark extracts, curcumin in combination including methylsulfonylmethane in healthy volunteers. Liu X(1)(2), Hunter DJ(1)(2), Eyles J(1)(2), McLachlan AJ(3), Adiwidjaja J(3), Eagles SK(3)(4), Wang X(4). Author information: (1)Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, The Kolling Institute, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. (2)Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia. (3)Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. (4)Faculty of Medicine and Health, Bosch Mass Spectrometry Facility, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. OBJECTIVES: Dietary supplements are increasingly used by people with osteoarthritis. Boswellia serrata extract, curcumin, pine bark extract and methylsulfonylmethane have been identified as having the largest effects for symptomatic relief in a systematic review. It is important to understand whether any pharmacokinetic interactions are among the major constituents of these supplements so as to provide information when considering the combination use of these supplements. The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of the constituents alone and in combination. METHODS: This study was a randomized, open-label, single-dose, four-treatment, four-period, crossover study with 1-week washout. The pharmacokinetics of the constituents of these supplements when dosed in combination with methylsulfonylmethane were compared to being administered alone. Plasma samples were obtained over 24 h from 16 healthy participants. Eight major constituents were analysed using a validated ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay. KEY FINDINGS: The pharmacokinetics of each constituent was characterized, and there were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetic profiles of the constituents when administered as a combination, relative to the constituents when administered alone (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that interactions between the major constituents of this supplement combination are unlikely and therefore could be investigated to manage patients with osteoarthritis without significant concerns for possible pharmacokinetic interactions. © 2019 Royal Pharmaceutical Society. DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13184 PMID: 31608447 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Effects of pycnogenol on cardiometabolic health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

13. Pharmacol Res. 2019 Dec;150:104472. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104472. Epub 2019 Oct 1. Effects of pycnogenol on cardiometabolic health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Malekahmadi M(1), Moradi Moghaddam O(2), Firouzi S(1), Daryabeygi-Khotbehsara R(3), Shariful Islam SM(3), Norouzy A(4), Soltani S(5). Author information: (1)Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. (2)Trauma and Injury Research Center, Critical Care Department, Rasoul-e-Akram Complex Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (3)Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia. (4)Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: norouzya@mums.ac.ir. (5)Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Electronic address: s.soltani1979@yahoo.com. Comment in Pharmacol Res. 2020 Jan;151:104543. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104543. Pharmacol Res. 2020 Jan;151:104544. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104544. AIM: Clinical trials on the effect of pycnogenol supplementation on cardiometabolic health have been controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the potential effect of pycnogenol supplementation on cardiometabolic profile. METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases were searched until October 2018. RCTs that evaluated the effects of pycnogenol on cardiometabolic parameters were included. DerSimonian and Laird random-effect models were used to compute the weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Twenty-four RCTs including 1594 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Pycnogenol significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (WMD: -5.86 mg/dl; 95% CI: -9.56, -2.15), glycated hemoglobin (WMD = -0.29%, 95%CI: -0.56, -0.01), systolic blood pressure (WMD: -2.54 mmhg; 95% CI: -4.08, -0.99), diastolic blood pressure (WMD: -1.76 mmhg; 95% CI: -3.12, -0.41), body mass index (WMD: -0.47 kg/m2; 95% CI: -0.90, -0.03), LDL cholesterol (WMD: -7.12 mg/dl; 95% CI: -13.66, -0.58) and increased HDL cholesterol (WMD: 3.27 mg/dl; 95% CI: 0.87, 5.66). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests that pycnogenol may have a role in preventing cardiometabolic disease. However, further well-designed RCTs are recommended to evaluate its long-term effects and explore the optimal duration of use and dosage. Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104472 PMID: 31585179 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Effects of French maritime pine bark extract (Oligopin®) supplementation on bone remodeling markers in postmenopausal osteopenic women: A randomized clinical trial.

14. Phytother Res. 2019 Apr;33(4):1233-1240. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6320. Epub 2019 Mar 24. Effects of French maritime pine bark extract (Oligopin®) supplementation on bone remodeling markers in postmenopausal osteopenic women: A randomized clinical trial. Panahande SB(1)(2), Maghbooli Z(3), Hossein-Nezhad A(4), Qorbani M(5), Moeini-Nodeh S(6), Haghi-Aminjan H(7), Hosseini S(2)(8). Author information: (1)Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (2)Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (3)Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neurosciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (4)Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Nutrition, and Diabetes, Vitamin D, Skin and Bone Research Laboratory, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. (5)Department of Epidemiology, Non-communicable diseases Research center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. (6)Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (7)Drug and Advanced Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran. (8)Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. French maritime pine bark extract (FMPBE; Oligopin®), a dietary supplement, is rich in procyanidin. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of FMPBE on bone remodeling in postmenopausal osteopenic women. This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 40 postmenopausal osteopenic women. Individuals were randomly assigned to either FMPBE (250 mg/day, n = 21) or placebo (250-mg starch/day, n = 19) for 12 weeks. Biochemical indices, including bone remodeling marker, were assessed before and after the intervention. After the 12-week intervention, that is, FMPBE supplementation, a significant increase in bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP) levels and a significant decrease in C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx1) were observed. Compared with the control group, FMPBE supplementation resulted in a significant increase in P1NP (0.015), BAP levels (0.001), and BAP/CTx1 ratio (p = 0.001) and a significant decrease in CTx1 levels (0.006). FMPBE supplementation for 12 weeks in postmenopausal osteopenic women produced favorable effects on bone markers. Meanwhile, further research is needed to determine whether FMPBE supplements can be used as a preventive strategy for bone loss in postmenopausal osteopenic women. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6320 PMID: 30907034 [Indexed for MEDLINE]