글루코사민 HCl

Randomized, double-blind, four-arm pilot study on the effects of chicken essence and type II collagen hydrolysate on joint, bone, and muscle functions.

1. Nutr J. 2023 Mar 15;22(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s12937-023-00837-w. Randomized, double-blind, four-arm pilot study on the effects of chicken essence and type II collagen hydrolysate on joint, bone, and muscle functions. Chen CC(1)(2)(3), Chang SS(1)(2)(3), Chang CH(1)(2)(3)(4), Hu CC(1)(2)(3), Naka

Inhibition of articular cartilage degradation by glucosamine-HCl and chondroitin sulphate.

2. Equine Vet J Suppl. 2002 Sep;(34):224-9. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2002.tb05423.x. Inhibition of articular cartilage degradation by glucosamine-HCl and chondroitin sulphate. Orth MW(1), Peters TL, Hawkins JN. Author information: (1)Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East

Effect of an Oral Joint Supplement When Compared to Carprofen in the Management of Hip Osteoarthritis in Working Dogs.

1. Top Companion Anim Med. 2017 Dec;32(4):126-129. doi: 10.1053/j.tcam.2017.10.003. Epub 2017 Nov 2. Effect of an Oral Joint Supplement When Compared to Carprofen in the Management of Hip Osteoarthritis in Working Dogs. Alves JC(1), Santos AM(2), Jorge PI(2). Author information: (1)Divisão de Medicina Veterinária, Guarda Nacional Republicana, Lisbon, Portugal; CINAMIL-Military Academy Research Center, Lisbon, Portugal. Electronic address: alves.jca@gnr.pt. (2)Divisão de Medicina Veterinária, Guarda Nacional Republicana, Lisbon, Portugal. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an oral joint supplement in working dogs with hip osteoarthritis compared with a positive control group (CG). Fifteen animals were divided in treatment group (TG, n = 10) and CG (n = 5). To TG a commercially available joint supplement, containing glucosamine HCl, chondroitin sulphate, and hyaluronic acid was given for 40 days and a 70-day course of a placebo, to be administered as if it was carprofen. The CG received carprofen for 70 days, and a placebo to be administered as the joint supplement. Response to treatment, measured by the canine brief pain inventory (CBPI) and the Hudson visual analog scale, was evaluated before treatment (T0), after 15 days (T1) and 1 (T2), 2 (T3), 3 (T4), 4 (T5), and 5 (T6) months. With CBPI, no differences were found in pain interference score and pain severity score between TG and CG throughout or when comparing results within groups. Individual results were considered successful in a maximal of three dogs of the TG by T3 (30%) and 1 in CG (25%). With Hudson visual analog scale, improvements where registered with individual results, for 40%-50% of the animals in TG and 60%-80% of cases in CG. The oral joint supplement and carprofen produced some improvements in individual scores but where unable to do so when overall results were considered. Each of these options may not be able, by itself, to fully address the demands of a working dog with joint disease and related pain. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1053/j.tcam.2017.10.003 PMID: 29525231 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Oral treatment with a nutraceutical (Cosequin) for ameliorating signs of navicular syndrome in horses.

2. Vet Ther. 2001 Spring;2(2):148-59. Oral treatment with a nutraceutical (Cosequin) for ameliorating signs of navicular syndrome in horses. Hanson RR(1), Brawner WR, Blaik MA, Hammad TA, Kincaid SA, Pugh DG. Author information: (1)Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA. Fourteen horses with a progressive forelimb lameness of 3 to 12 months' duration, diagnosed as navicular syndrome, were selected from clinical cases admitted to Auburn University Equine Hospital for evaluation of the efficacy of an orally administered nutraceutical (Cosequin, Nutramax Laboratories, Inc., Edgewood, MD) for ameliorating clinical signs associated with naturally occurring navicular syndrome. Horses were randomly allocated to treatment with the nutraceutical or a placebo. Treatment was five scoops (16.5 g) of powder twice daily in the feed. The test group (n = 8) received a patented nutraceutical consisting of 9 g of FCHG49 (a highly purified glucosamine HCl), 3 g of TRH122 (a specific purified low-molecular-weight sodium chondroitin sulfate), and 600 mg of manganese ascorbate. The placebo group (n = 6) received an indistinguishable oral powder containing only excipients. Owners and the investigator were unaware of group assignments. The same investigator assessed lameness and overall clinical condition at enrollment and after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. Lameness was assessed by an algofunctional lameness index, comprising a combined sum score of standing posture, hoof tester examination, and lameness scores at various levels of work. Overall clinical efficacy was rated on a visual analogue scale. Owners assessed lameness via a preassigned questionnaire, incorporating an algofunctional lameness index and overall clinical condition at weekly intervals. Radiographic examinations of the navicular bones were performed at enrollment and after 8 weeks of treatment. The median algofunctional lameness index and overall clinical condition scores assigned the investigator were significantly improved (P = .05) for horses treated with the nutraceutical compared with placebo-treated horses. The degree of improvement in algofunctional lameness index assigned by owners after 8 weeks was also significant (P = .045) between the treatment groups. Radiographic scores after treatment were not significantly different between the groups (P > .05). PMID: 19753708 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Effects of glucosamine-chondroitin combination on synovial fluid IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE2 levels in internal derangements of temporomandibular joint.

3. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2015 May 1;20(3):e278-83. doi: 10.4317/medoral.20242. Effects of glucosamine-chondroitin combination on synovial fluid IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE2 levels in internal derangements of temporomandibular joint. Damlar I(1), Esen E, Tatli U. Author information: (1)Tayfur Sokmen Kampusu, 31100 Antakya, Hatay, Turkey, dridamlar@gmail.com. BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of glucosamine-chondroitin sulphate combination on internal derangements of temporomandibular joint in clinical and biochemical manners. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This randomized clinical study included 31 cases reporting joint tenderness, in which disc displacement was detected on MR imaging. In all patients, synovial fluid sampling was performed under local anesthesia. In the study group, the patients were prescribed a combination of 1500 mg glucosamine and 1200 mg chondroitin sulphate, while patients in the control group were only prescribed 50 mg tramadol HCl (twice daily) for pain control. After 8 weeks, synovial fluid sampling was repeated in the same manner. The levels of pain, maximum mouth opening (MMO), synovial fluid IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE2 measured before and after pharmacological intervention were compared. RESULTS: The reduction in pain levels was significant in both groups. There was no significant difference between two groups in terms of pain reduction. The improvement in MMO was significant in the study group but it was not in the control group. The MMO improvement was significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group. In the study group, significant decrease was observed in PGE2 level, while the decreases in IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were not significant. In the control group, no significant decrease was observed in any of the inflammatory cytokines after 8 weeks, moreover IL-1ß and IL-6 levels were increased. Alterations of IL-1ß and IL-6 levels were significant in study group while TNF-α and PGE2 levels were not, compared to control group. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, these results might suggest that glucosamine-chondroitin combination significantly increases the MMO and decreases the synovial fluid IL1β and IL6 levels in internal derangements of TMJ compared to tramadol. The modifications of synovial fluid TNF-α and PGE2 levels do not reach statistical significance. This combination also provides efficient pain relief in similar level with tramadol, a narcotic analgesic. DOI: 10.4317/medoral.20242 PMCID: PMC4464914 PMID: 25662545 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Conflict of interest statement: The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exist.

The bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of glucosamine hydrochloride and chondroitin sulfate after oral and intravenous single dose administration in the horse.

4. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2004 Apr;25(3):109-16. doi: 10.1002/bdd.392. The bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of glucosamine hydrochloride and chondroitin sulfate after oral and intravenous single dose administration in the horse. Du J(1), White N, Eddington ND. Author information: (1)Pharmacokinetics-Biopharmaceutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, 100 Penn Street, AHB 540C, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine if glucosamine (GL) hydrochloride (FCHG49) and low molecular weight (LMW) chondroitin sulfate (CS) (TRH122) are absorbed after oral administration to horses. The bioavailability of LMWCS was evaluated by quantifying the total disaccharides found in the plasma following chondroitinase ABC digestion. METHODS: Two separate studies were conducted. In study 1, ten adult horses received the following four treatments in a randomized crossover fashion: (1) i.v. LMWCS (3 g of 8 kDa), (2) p.o. LMWCS (3 g of 8 kDa), (3) i.v. LMWCS (3 g of 16.9 kDa) and (4) p.o. LMWCS (3 g of 16.9 kDa). Each group received 9 g GL with LMWCS. In a second study, each horse (n=2) was randomly assigned to receive either i.v. administration of GL HCl (9 g) or p.o. administration of GL HCl (125 mg/kg). Blood samples were collected, assayed and pharmacokinetic parameters were determined. RESULTS: GL was absorbed after oral dosing with a mean C(max) of 10.6 (6.9) microg/ml and a mean T(max) of 2.0 (0.7) h. The extent of absorption of LMWCS after dosing with both the 8.0 and 16.9 kDa provides evidence that LMWCS is absorbed orally. C(max) and AUC were higher (p<0.05) for the 16.9 kDa material compared with 8.0 kDa. However, the 16.9 kDa bioavailability was less than 8.0 kDa, but this difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first report of the bioavailability of orally administered GL and LMWCS in the horse. Copyright 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DOI: 10.1002/bdd.392 PMID: 15083499 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Efficacy of a combination of FCHG49 glucosamine hydrochloride, TRH122 low molecular weight sodium chondroitin sulfate and manganese ascorbate in the management of knee osteoarthritis.

5. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2000 Sep;8(5):343-50. doi: 10.1053/joca.1999.0308. Efficacy of a combination of FCHG49 glucosamine hydrochloride, TRH122 low molecular weight sodium chondroitin sulfate and manganese ascorbate in the management of knee osteoarthritis. Das A Jr(1), Hammad TA. Author information: (1)Hendersonville Orthopedics Associates, Hendersonville, North Carolina 28739, USA. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the oral combination of glucosamine HCl, sodium chondroitin sulfate and manganese ascorbate for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. DESIGN: A randomized placebo-controlled study design was implemented. We recruited 93 patients with OA of the knee from a single center. The intervention group received 1000 mg FCHG49 glucosamine HCl, 800 mg TRH122 low molecular weight sodium chondroitin sulfate and 152 mg manganese ascorbate twice daily (Cosamin DS). Patients were evaluated initially and then every 2 months for 6 months. The primary outcome was the Lesquene Index of severity of osteoarthritis of the knee (ISK). RESULTS: Patients with radiographically mild or moderate OA (N=72) in the intervention group showed significant improvement in the ISK at 4 and 6 months (P=0.003 and P=0.04, respectively). The response rate to the medication was 52% vs a 28% response rate to placebo. Patients with radiographically severe osteoarthritis (N=21) did not show significant improvements in the ISK. There was a 17% incidence of adverse events in the intervention group and 19% in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: The studied combination of glucosamine HCl, sodium chondroitin sulfate and manganese ascorbate was found to be effective for the treatment of radiographically mild to moderate OA of the knee as measured by the ISK. This is the first U.S. study of these agents. Copyright 2000 OsteoArthritis Research Society International. DOI: 10.1053/joca.1999.0308 PMID: 10966840 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Glucosamine, chondroitin, and manganese ascorbate for degenerative joint disease of the knee or low back: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study.

6. Mil Med. 1999 Feb;164(2):85-91. Glucosamine, chondroitin, and manganese ascorbate for degenerative joint disease of the knee or low back: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Leffler CT(1), Philippi AF, Leffler SG, Mosure JC, Kim PD. Author information: (1)Medical Department, Naval Special Warfare Group Two, Naval Amphibious Base Little Creek, Norfolk, VA 23521, USA. occdr@aol.com OBJECTIVE: A 16-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of a combination of glucosamine HCl (1,500 mg/day), chondroitin sulfate (1,200 mg/day), and manganese ascorbate (228 mg/day) in degenerative joint disease (DJD) of the knee or low back was conducted. METHODS: Thirty-four males from the U.S. Navy diving and special warfare community with chronic pain and radiographic DJD of the knee or low back were randomized. A summary disease score incorporated results of pain and functional questionnaires, physical examination scores, and running times. Changes were presented as a percentage of the patient's average score. RESULTS: Knee osteoarthritis symptoms were relieved as demonstrated by the summary disease score (-16.3%; p = 0.05), patient assessment of treatment effect (p = 0.02), visual analog scale for pain recorded at clinic visits (-26.6%; p = 0.05) and in a diary (-28.6%; p = 0.02), and physical examination score (-43.3%; p = 0.01). Running times did not change. The study neither demonstrated, nor excluded, a benefit for spinal DJD. Side effect frequency was similar to that at baseline. There were no hematologic effects. CONCLUSIONS: The combination therapy relieves symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. A larger data set is needed to determine the value of this therapy for spinal DJD. Short-term combination therapy appears safe in this setting. PMID: 10050562 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Amiprilose hydrochloride for rheumatoid arthritis.

7. Ann Intern Med. 1989 Sep 15;111(6):455-65. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-111-6-455. Amiprilose hydrochloride for rheumatoid arthritis. Riskin WG(1), Gillings DB, Scarlett JA. Author information: (1)University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida. STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of amiprilose hydrochloride (HCl), a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. DESIGN: Prospective, multicenter, randomized, parallel group, double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial. PATIENTS: Two hundred and one functional class I and II patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis, previously untreated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were withdrawn from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy. Those who flared were randomly assigned to amiprilose HCl, 6 g/d, or placebo for 12 weeks. No concomitant anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug therapy was permitted during the study. Combination acetaminophen and propoxyphene napsylate was the only supplemental analgesic medication allowed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The number of painful joints and swollen joints, joint pain and joint swelling indices, left and right grip strength, investigator global assessment, and patient global assessment returned to baseline for the amiprilose group and showed statistically significant (P less than 0.05) differences from the placebo group within 4 to 6 weeks. The protocol criteria for overall therapeutic response were satisfied by 41% of the amiprilose patients, compared with 21% of the placebo group (P = 0.003). Approximately 0.5 tablet per day less analgesic medication was taken by the amiprilose group (P less than 0.05 at weeks 6 and 12). There were no statistically significant differences in morning stiffness, walking time, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, or rheumatoid factor between the groups. A similar number of adverse experiences were reported by the patients on amiprilose (67%) and on placebo (63%). One patient on amiprilose developed thrombocytopenia of unknown cause; no other reported adverse effects were serious. CONCLUSIONS: Amiprilose HCl has significant anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable safety profile when used as the sole antirheumatic therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Synthetic carbohydrates may represent an important new class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory, autoimmune diseases. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-111-6-455 PMID: 2672925 [Indexed for MEDLINE]